北京地區(qū)學(xué)位英語(yǔ)考試真題（閱讀理解）

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Part I Reading Comprehension （30%）

Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D, You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

Babies who are breast-fed may be more likely to be successful in life, a new study published Tuesday suggests. The study followed more than 3,000 babies into adulthood in Brazil. The researchers found those who were breast-fed scored slightly higher in intelligence tests in their 30s, stayed in school longer and earned more money than those who were given formula.

CIA （Central Intelligence Agency）

IQ（intelligence quotient）  

EQ（Emotional Quotient）

“Breast-feeding not only has short-term benefits, but also breast-feeding has long-term benefits, "says Bernardo Lessa Horta of the Federal University of Pelotas in Brazil, who led the study being published in The Lancet Global Health.

short-term memory

Long-term memory

The Lancet Global Health

（76） Doctors have long known that breast-feeding can be good for a baby’s health. This is especially true in poor countries, where water can be contaminated. For instance, a baby given formula in developing countries is 14 times more likely to die in the first six months than one who’s breast-fed. In the U.S., some research has suggested that breast-feeding may raise a baby’s IQ by a few points. But a recent study with siblings found little advantage to breast-feeding.

Horta says these previous studies didn’t follow children into adulthood to see if breast-feeding had long-term effects. So Horta analyzed data collected from 3,493 volunteers he and his colleagues have been following since birth. They are now in their 30s. First, the researchers gave the subjects IQ tests. Those who were breast-fed for 12 months or more had IQ test scores that were 3.76 points higher than those who were breast-fed for less than one month, the team found.

When Horta and his colleagues looked at how much education the subjects had gotten and how much money they were making, they also found a clear difference:

Those who were breast-fed stayed longer in school for about an extra year and had monthly salaries that were about a third higher.

1. From the passage, we learn that Horta_______________ .

A.is from Brazil

B.conducts his research in the U.S.

C.has 30 researchers on his team

D.is well-known in developing countries

2. Which of the following about those who were breast-fed is NOT mentioned?

A.They stayed longer in school B.They were happier  C.They were smarter  D.They made more money

3. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Doctors don’t understand the benefits of breast-feeding.

B. Horta is concerned with water contamination in poor countries.

C. Horta’s research project lasted about 30 years

D. Breast-feeding is the only way to improve a baby’s health

4. The word contaminated in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to____.

A. finished B. interested C. cleared D. polluted

5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?

A. Researchers Have Pointed Out the Disadvantages of Breast-feeding

B. Researchers Have Found Out the Shortcomings of Formula

C. Breast-feeding Improves Chances of Success

D. Breast-feeding Benefits Both Mother and Baby

Passage 2

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

Maggie Walker was born in 1867 in Richmond, Virginia. Her mother was once a slave in a rich woman’s house. When Maggie was very young, a thief killed her father. Her family was impoverished, so Maggie's mother started doing laundry in her home. Maggie had to help her. She washed clothes every day, but she continued to go to school. She was a very good student, especially in math.

After Maggie graduated from high school, she got a job as a teacher. In 1886, she married Armistead Walker. They had two sons and Maggie stayed home to care for them. She also volunteered to help a social organization called the Order of St. Luke. This organization helped African Americans take care of the sick and bury the dead. Maggie Walker loved the work of the organization. The organization believed that African Americans should take care of each other.

Over the years, Maggie Walker had more and more responsibilities with the organization. In 1895, she suggested that St. Luke begin a program for young people. （77） This program became very popular with schoolchildren.In 1899, Walk became Grand Secretary Treasurer of the St. Luke organization. However, because she was a woman, she received less than half the salary of the man who had the job before her.

The Order of St. Luke had a lot of financial difficulties when Walker took over. It had a lot of unpaid bills and only $31.61 in the bank. But soon Maggie Walker changed all of that. （78） Her idea was to get new members to join the Organization. In just a few years, it grew from 3,400 members to 50,000 members. The organization bought a $100,000 office building and increased its staff to 55. Now Walker was ready for her next big step.

6. Maggie’s father died____________.

A. when she finished high school

B. before she was born

C. when she was very young

D. after she got married

7. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?

A. Maggie had two children.

B. Maggie was once a slave.

C. Maggie was good at math.

D. Maggie taught for a while.

8. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Maggie loved to help other African Americans.

B. Maggie was very popular with school teachers.

C. Maggie was the founder of the Order of St. Luke.

D. Maggie was better paid than men as Grand Secretary Treasurer.

9. The word impoverished in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______.

A. difficult B. rich C. famous D. poor

10. After Paragraph 4, the author will probably talk about Maggie’s________

A. education B. next project C. pay D. childhood

Passage 3

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

When Bill de Blasio ran for New York City mayor last year, he promised to end a controversial , citywide cell-phone ban  in public schools, which is not equally enforced in all schools. Now, under his leadership, the city is preparing to end the ban. It will be replaced by a policy that allows phones inside schools but tells students to keep them packed away during class.

Many schools have a rule about enforcing the ban that says, “If we don't see it, we don’t know about it.” That means teachers are OK with students bringing in cell phones, as long as they stay out of sight and inside bags and pockets.

But at the 88 city schools with metal detectors, the ban has been strictly enforced. The detectors were installed to keep weapons out of schools，but the scanners can also detect cell phones. So students at these schools must leave their phones at home or pay someone to store it for them.

The ban was put into place in 2007 under mayor Michael Bloomberg. Ending the ban will also likely end an industry that has sprung up near dozens of the schools that enforce the ban. Workers in vans  that resemble food trucks store teens’ cell phones and Other devices for a dollar a day.

（79） Critics of the ban say cell phones are important safety devices for kids during an emergency. They also say that enforcement of the ban is uneven and discriminatory. Where the ban is enforced, it puts a disadvantage on students who can’t afford to pay to store their phones.

Before putting an official end to the cell-phone ban, city education officials are working on creating a new policy. （80） It will include rules about not using the phones during class or to cheat on tests.

11. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?

A. New York City will give financial aid to poor students.

B. New York City plans to restrict cell phone use in libraries.

C. New York City plans to install metal detectors in all public schools.

D. New York City will soon end a ban on cell phones in schools.

12. Students pay ______ a day to leave their cell phones in a van parked near their school.

A. a dollar B. two dollars C. five dollars D. ten dollars

13. Metal detectors were installed in 88 city schools, mainly to keep _______ out of schools.

A. cell phones B. weapons C. alcohol D. drugs

14. The word discriminatory in Paragraph 5 probably means________.

A. necessary B. tough C. strict D. unfair

15. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. After the cell-phone ban is ended, students can use their phones during class.

B. The cell-phone ban is equally enforced in all public schools.

C. The cell-phone ban was put into place in 2008 under Mayor Bill de Blasio.

D. A phone-storage industry has appeared outside the 88 metal-detector campuses.