歷年考研英語真題長難句分析

1. The Internet – and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it – is making access to scientific results a reality.

    【譯文】提供資金的機構施加壓力，質疑為什么商業刊物可以通過限制刊載的手段從政府投資的研究項目中牟利，而互聯網使得閱讀科研結果成為現實。

    【析句】又是一句運用破折號將完整句子割裂為前后兩部分的例句。閱讀此類句子時，基本原則就是先忽略雙破折號之間的內容，將前后割裂部分重新整合為完整句子。本句中，破折號割裂的句子是The Internet is making access to scientific results a reality.然后再看破折號之間的內容，可以是句子、短語等不同成分，此處是短語+從句，pressure from funding agencies名詞短語，who are questioning作定語從句修飾funding agencies，why commercial publishers are making money from...by...則是questioning的賓語從句。如此以來，整句話的結構和邏輯順序就理清了。

2. The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits.

    【譯文】澳大利亞維多利亞大學的John Houghton和經合組織的Graham Vickery聯合完成這一報告，內容使目前為止收入豐厚的出版商們感到汗顏。

    【析句】英語文章中經常引用各種研究數據、專業人士評論，且通常使用固定的句型report/study by人名 of...(表明身份和職位）says/shows...或者跟隨其它動詞。如本句，the report by John...of... makes heavy reading for publishers,publishers后是who引導的定語從句增加了句子結構的層次性。

3. Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it.

    【譯文】其他的模式都是對這三種的不同組合，比如延期開放式是指某一些期刊在發表文章的前六個月只允許付費閱覽，此后轉為免費閱讀。

    【析句】先抓主干other models exist,such as...。其中，主句other models exist后面是that are hybrids of these three,很明顯，that從句作定語從句修飾models，為了避免句子頭重尾輕，將定語從句后置。再看所舉例子，such as delayed open-access,后面跟有定語從句where journs allow...six months,而定語從句中又包含兩種句型：before making it...everyone(現在分詞作狀語）和who wished to see it（定語從句）。