2022年高職分類考試中職類英語科目知識(shí)點(diǎn)

一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)概念

經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況

I always get up at seven o’clock.

我早上總是7點(diǎn)鐘起床。

He usually visits her grandparents on weekends.

他通常在周末去看望他的祖父母。

We sometimes eat outside.

我們有時(shí)在外面吃飯。

You always blink when you tell a lie.

你說謊的時(shí)候總是眨眼睛。

二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)

動(dòng)詞原形(如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式)

We always have seven classes every day.

我們每天上七節(jié)課。

It seldom snows here.

這很少下雪

He is always ready to help others.

他隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備幫助其他人。

Action speaks louder than words.

行動(dòng)勝于空談。

否定形式：am/is/ are+ not;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加dont,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesnt， 同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞

He is always ready to help others.

變成否定句：He isn’t always ready to help others.

We always have seven classes every day.

變成否定句：We don’t always have seven classes every day.

He usually visits his grandparents on weekends.

變成否定句：

He doesn’t usually visit his grandparents on weeks.

一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首;用助動(dòng)詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。

We always have seven classes every day.

變成一般疑問句：

Do you always have seven classes every day?

Action speaks louder than words.

變成一般疑問句：

Does action speak louder than words?

He is good at expressing himself.

變成一般疑問句：

Is he good at expressing himself?

三、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法

1、習(xí)慣

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí)，常與often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等時(shí)間狀語連用。

The shop opens at nine every day.

這家商店每天九點(diǎn)開門。

It seldom snows here.

這兒很少下雪。

2、真理

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示客觀存在或普遍真理

Light travels faster than sound.

光速比聲速快。

Food easily goes bad in hot weather.

天氣熱時(shí)食物容易壞

The moon goes round the earth.

月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。

3、性質(zhì)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示主語的特征或狀態(tài)

The picture looks very beautiful.

這幅畫看起來很美。

Air contains oxygen and nitrogen.

空氣含有氧和氮。

She speaks English, French and Chinese.

她說英語，法語和中文。

4、 將來

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中表示將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)

Ill tell her about it as soon as I see her.

我一見到她就告訴她這件事。

When does the train arrive?

火車幾點(diǎn)到?

I will go with you to the hospital when I have time tomorrow.

明天有空的話我就跟你去醫(yī)院。

四、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞

always, usually, often,

sometimes, every week (day, year, month…),

once a week, on Sundays

五、詞形變化

當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，he，she，it

人名：Mary , Tom, Tony, Mike

誰的誰：my father，your mother, his sister, our teacher

可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)：a horse, this book, the moon, the earth

不可數(shù)名詞：water, paper, time, money

非謂語：to do , doing 等，

時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。

動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)構(gòu)成如下：

1.一般動(dòng)詞 詞尾加-s like—likes write-writes work-works

2.以ch，sh，s，o，x結(jié)尾,詞尾加-es,

teach—teaches do—does wash—washes

3.以y結(jié)尾:輔音字母+y，變y為i，加-es,

study—studies carry—carries try—tries

4.元音字母+y，直接加-s,

play—plays stay—stays say—says

5.have—has be –is

六、 基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)

1.He often ________(have) dinner at home.

【解析】他經(jīng)常在家里吃飯。經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語是he 第三人稱代詞要跟謂語的第三人稱單數(shù)。答案為has

2.Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.

【解析】be 動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)有am, is, are ，我是am, 你是are, is 用于他她它，單數(shù)is，復(fù)數(shù)are,變疑問be前提，句尾問號(hào)莫忘記，變否定也簡單，be 后只把not添。本題的主語是兩個(gè)人，所以用are

3. We __________ (not watch) TV on Monday.

【解析】我們周一不看電視。On Monday , on weekends 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的否定句，有be動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的在后面直接加not. 行為動(dòng)詞應(yīng)加上助動(dòng)詞，do , does 加not. 本題主語為we 所以用助動(dòng)詞do. 答案為don’t

4. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?

【解析】有標(biāo)志詞often , 還有on Saturdays, 主語為they, 助動(dòng)詞提問為do ,有助動(dòng)詞后面的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閯?dòng)原。所以答案為do, do

5. ______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?

【解析】every day 每天，副詞 everyday 每天的，形容詞。Every day 是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的疑問句. 句中的謂語動(dòng)詞為行為動(dòng)詞，加助動(dòng)詞， do 或does, 主語是你的父母兩人。所以用do.答案為：Do，read

6. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.

【解析】there be 句型在肯定句中be 只有兩種形式， there is;there are. There be 句型be 的形式取決于后面的主語。如果是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)，不可數(shù)名詞 be 動(dòng)詞為is，如果是復(fù)數(shù)名詞謂語動(dòng)詞用are. 答案為is

7. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.

【解析】我阿姨照顧她的孩子很細(xì)心。這是一個(gè)人的性格使然。所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示。My aunt 是第三人稱單數(shù)。謂語動(dòng)詞為Looks

8. The child often _______ (watch) TV in the evening.

【解析】in the evening 在晚上，the child 是第三人稱單數(shù)。所以謂語為第三人稱單數(shù) watches. 以s, x, sh, ch 結(jié)尾的謂語動(dòng)詞加-es.

9.What _______(do) he usually ________ (do) after school?

【解析】after school 放學(xué)后，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的特殊疑問句。主語為he 助動(dòng)詞用does .后面的動(dòng)詞要還原成動(dòng)詞原形。

七、 能力提高

1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)

Daniel doesn’t watch TV every evening.

【解析】肯定句變成否定句有Be動(dòng)詞，或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在be和情態(tài)后加not. 當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞為行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，加助動(dòng)詞。Do, does 再加not. 注意，原來為第三人稱單數(shù)的動(dòng)詞變成原形。

2. Amy likes playing computer games.

(改為一般疑問句，并作肯定回答)

Does Amy like playing computer games?Yes, she does.

【解析】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的疑問句，有be 動(dòng)詞，be 提前，有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提前，都沒有的話加助動(dòng)詞。Do 或does. Amy 為第三人稱單數(shù)。所以用does 同時(shí)把原動(dòng)詞變成動(dòng)原。

3. I like taking photos in the park.(對劃線部分提問)

Where do you like taking photos?

【解析】對劃線部分提問，首先要確定用where, why, what.然后加上一般疑問句。

4. She is always a good student.

(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)

Is she always a good student?No, she isn’t.

【解析】變成一般疑問句，有be 動(dòng)詞的be提前。

5. My dog runs fast.

1 變成否定句

2變成一般疑問句

否定句: My dog doesn’t run fast.

一般疑問句：Does your dog run fast?

【解析】否定要看句中有沒有be動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。本題中沒有所以要加助動(dòng)詞，do 或does。My dog 是三單，所以要用does。 一般疑問句也用does.同時(shí)動(dòng)詞三單變原形。

6. I usually play football on Friday afternoon.

1 變成否定句

2變成一般疑問句

3.對畫線部分提問.

否定句: I don’t usually play football on Friday afternoon.

一般疑問句: Do you usually play football on Friday afternoon?

劃線提問：What do you usually do on Friday afternoon?

【解析】看題中謂語動(dòng)詞為行為動(dòng)詞，否定加don’t. 疑問加do.劃線部分提問用what+一般疑問句。

7. Sun Yang usually washes some clothes on Sunday.

1 變成否定句

2變成一般疑問句

3.對畫線部分提問.

否定句: Sun Yang doesn’t usually wash any clothes on Sunday.

一般疑問句: Does Sun Yang usually wash any clothes on Sunday?

劃線提問: What does Sun Yang usually do on Sunday?

【解析】謂語動(dòng)詞為行為動(dòng)詞，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，否定時(shí)加doesn’t, 疑問時(shí)加Does， 特殊疑問what+一般疑問。

注意：動(dòng)詞三單要還原成動(dòng)詞原形。

8.改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)

He likes play games after class.

【解析】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語是he 是謂語用likes 沒有錯(cuò)誤。但是like to do , like doing 兩種用法。 經(jīng)常性的用doing。 一次性的用to do .

9.改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)

Mr. Wu teaches us English.

【解析】 主語為Mr. Wu 謂語為teaches.動(dòng)詞變成三單形式，以s, x, sh, ch 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加上es. 答案為teaches. teaches

10.改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)

She don’t do her homework on Sundays.

【解析】主語為she, 否定時(shí)用doesn’t 而不用don’t.